Jemenkrieg-Mosaik 233 - Yemen War Mosaic 233

Yemen Press Reader 233: US-Beteiligung und Schuld am Jemenkrieg - Zerstörung des Hafens von Hodeidah und Importe - Interview mit Hisham Al-Omeisy, Jemen-Panel - Luftangriffe, Kämpfe, Landminen

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Eingebetteter Medieninhalt

US: Participant and culprit in Yemen war – Destruction of Hodeidah harbour and imports – Hisham Al-Omeisy in interview and Yemen panel in Vienna – Air raids, fighting, and land mines – and more

Schwerpunkte / Key aspects

Klassifizierung / Classification

cp1 Am wichtigsten / Most important

cp2 Allgemein / General

cp3 Humanitäre Lage / Humanitarian situation

cp5 Nordjemen und Huthis / Northern Yemen and Houthis

cp6 Südjemen und Hadi-Regierung / Southern Yemen and Hadi-government

cp7 UNO und Friedensgespräche/ UN and peace talks

cp7a Saudi-Arabien und Iran / saudi Arabia and Iran

cp8 Saudi-Arabien / Saudi Arabia

cp9 USA

cp10 Großbritannien / Great Britain

cp14 Terrorismus / Terrorism

cp15 Propaganda

cp16 Saudische Luftangriffe / Saudi air raids

cp17 Kriegsereignisse / Theater of War

cp18 Sonstiges / Other

Klassifizierung / Classification

***

**

*

(Kein Stern / No star)

A = Aktuell / Current news

B = Hintergrund / Background

C = Chronik / Chronicle

D = Details

E = Wirtschaft / Economy

H = Humanitäre Fragen / Humanitarian questions

K = Krieg / War

P = Politik / Politics

PH = Pro-Houthi

PS = Pro-Saudi

T = Terrorismus / Terrorism

cp1 Am wichtigsten / Most important

24.11.2016 – Near Eastern Outlook (** B K P)

Yemen’s Seventh Truce: Turning Tragedy Into Farce

With six previous attempts to observe truce having already failed to mitigate the intensity of the crisis, the US brokered seventh truce has yet again—and unsurprisingly— failed to end the fighting in Yemen.

While the fighting itself is a clear reflection of the US’ inability to control the situation on the ground even in a limited sense, the irony of the matter is that—and what turns the tragedy into farce—the US, which is trying to broker peace, happens to be the biggest provider of weapons to Saudi Arabia which has been bombing Yemen for last 19 months. This is where the crux of the problem lies and this is where the original cause of the war must be traced back to. Yemen war continues to drag on not because the warring parties are unable to come to terms; it continues to defy a negotiated end due primarily to the US’ dual-game in the region—a policy that utilises the war-scenario to not only to deepen the Arab countries’ dependence upon the US for military assistance and aid but also to earn billions in terms of weapons sold to the same countries.

Therefore, John Kerry’s involvement in many rounds of talks notwithstanding, it is also a fact that many strikes are actually carried out by Saudi pilots who have received their training by the US and who fly US-made jets that are refuelled in the air by American planes.

With the US thus playing a double game in Yemen and with the US-made missiles and jets pounding the Yemenis indiscriminately, the question of the US being a committer of war crimes becomes pertinent. The allegation has concrete material base.

With Saudi Arabia being such an important buyer of the US made weapons, which are being currently used in Yemen against the Houthis, and with the US being eager to fulfil its security commitments and equally facilitating the Saudi led coalitions’ bombing campaigns both logistically and militarily, peace cannot really be established, not unless the US forces Saudia to stop its bombing campaign—something that comes at a high-cost for the US weapon-makers: hence, unlikely to happen.

What adds insult to injury is that the supporters of the deal say that the US cannot deny its Middle East allies the weapons they need to combat Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) extremists and check Iran’s aggression in the region.

Given the dual game the US is playing in Yemen, it cannot be gainsaid that truce and ceasefire cannot hold the fighting and pave the way for an end of the war, not unless Saudi Arabia’s source of military power, the US, decides to cut off the chain of supply and brings it to the negotiating table—something that is unlikely to happen under Obama administration and something that would be paid lip service only under the Trump administration.

In this context, the off and on saga of truce and ceasefire means nothing except that it allows the US administration to feed the general public with the impression of maintaining a ‘neutral’ stance towards the war – by Salman Rafi Sheikh

http://m.journal-neo.org/2016/11/24/yemen-s-seventh-truce-turning-tragedy-into-farce/

24.11.2016 – Reuters (** B E K)

Yemen's war-damaged Hodeidah port struggles to bring in vital supplies

With its dockside machinery destroyed in an air strike at the beginning of Yemen's 20-month-old war, the major Red Sea port of Hodeidah is struggling to unload food and fuel needed ever more urgently by a population riven with hunger and disease.

Controlled by the Iran-aligned Houthi group, Hodeidah was the entry point for what port officials say was 70 percent of the Yemen's food imports as well as humanitarian aid. Food deliveries have been cut by more than half, they say.

Before the war, which has killed 10,000 people and displaced three million, the port bustled with workers, sailors and shipping agents trying to ensure smooth delivery of vital supplies to the impoverished country's 26 million people.

Jets from the Saudi-led Arab coalition, fighting to force the Houthis out of territory they seized last year, disabled the port's four giant cranes and they are still out of action, officials say. Other dockside machinery has also been destroyed.

Rubble from last year's Aug. 17 air strike still lies strewn on the dockside.

"There is no more work left for us," said Ahmed Abdo, a port worker, sipping water to cool himself in the hot weather.

"We used to have three or four ships at the port and we would unload them in two or three days. Now, only ships with their own cranes are allowed to enter."

Last week, the port looked nearly deserted, with only a few workers laboring under blazing sun to unload a cargo of corn from a ship by hand into a waiting truck, now that the pipes used to funnel the grain into silos have been destroyed.

Another vessel was preparing to leave after six days unloading its cargo - a task that used to take a few hours.

The United Nations say both sides are holding up aid deliveries and has set up its own verification and inspection mechanisms to try to solve the problem.

Port officials and shipping sources also said they were not aware of any aid vessels being held by the Houthis, though they noted that port registry had shown that three cargo ships had been held up by court orders due to commercial disputes.

The central bank problems providing lines of credit to finance imports is also causing delays.

"Until just before 2015, Hodeidah port achieved a boom in revenues in non-oil resources exceeding 30 percent in average growth," said Captain Moahmmed Abu Bakr Ishaq, the chairman of the board of the Red Sea ports, which includes Hodeidah. "But the ports infrastructure has been destroyed by the coalition." – By Mohammed Ghobari

http://www.reuters.com/article/us-yemen-security-port-idUSKBN13J1OJ

Comment by Judith Brown: When I heard last year that Hodeida port was bombed and destroyed, and then the next day I heard the road between Hodeida and Sanaa had its major bridges destroyed I couldn't sleep as I was so anxious about the ability of Yemenis to physically unload and distribute food and other essential goods. Since then my fears and anxieties have been proved correct. At the time some organisations called this a war crime. So it was. But sadly nothing has been done to remedy the situation. Has the world got no spine? Or is this in the major plan of the world powers for Yemenis to starve to death?

https://www.facebook.com/judith.brown.794628/posts/10154939587213641

24.11.2016 – VIDC Wiener Institut für internationalen Dialog und Zusammenarbeit (** B K P)

Phone interview on 7.10.2016 by Helmut Krieger with Hisham Al-Omeisy, Sana'a, Yemen, for the panel discussion: Yemen - Crisis, Uprising, War (English)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PFXDnrm60Q0&vl=en

20.10.2016 – VIDC Wiener Institut für internationalen Dialog und Zusammenarbeit (** B K P)

Film: VIDC: Yemen - Crisis, Uprising, War; Panel with Elham Manea, Hisham Al-Omeisy and Safa Al-Ahmad (English)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ktb4fETMaCw

cp2 Allgemein / General

24.11.2016 – Vice News (* A K P)

“Not even surprising anymore”

The war in Yemen has reached a point where an apparently unlawful airstrike by a U.S.-backed coalition is “not even surprising anymore.” So says Human Rights Watch, the campaign group calling on the international community to create a credible and transparent mechanism to investigate what may amount to war crimes.

The airstrike on Wednesday occurred in the Hiran district of Hajja province in north-western Yemen.

“I’m not surprised [at the latest attack],” Kristine Beckerle, Yemen researcher for Human Rights Watch told VICE News. “I’m sad and I’m frustrated, because I wish that governments across the globe would take action at this point, but it is following a pattern of bad behaviour on the Saudi-led coalition’s part that we have been seeing since March 2015.”

“The US itself is a party to the conflict,” Beckerle said. “What we have been saying since the first months of fighting is that United States is also providing in-air refuelling to the coalition [and] there is U.S. staff in the Riyadh planning cell.”

Following the high-profile coalition airstrike on a funeral in Sana’a in October that killed 140 civilians — one that Beckerle said “is likely a war crime” — the U.S. National Security Council said it would review support for the Saudi-led coalition.

“That was early October. We are now near the end of November and we have not seen any results of that review, we don’t know what the status is, what exactly it is looking into, if the results will be public or when the results will be released,” Beckerle said.

Even if it is published, it is unlikely the report will make any difference. “The ‘policy review’ is an old and established Washington technique for avoiding tough decisions,” former state department officials Richard Sokolsky and Jeremy Shapiro wrote on the War on the Rocks website. “Faced with a choice between unpalatable alternatives, the government initiates a review to study the question in depth.”

Beckerle says that it is time for some accountability. “It is really on the international community at this point to establish a credible accountability mechanism.” – By David Gilbert

https://news.vice.com/story/airstrikes-that-kill-yemeni-civilians-not-even-surprising-anymore

Comment by Judith Brown: And this is exactly how it is. More, more, more killed and the world doesn't just sit on its hands - it supplies the ammunition.

https://www.facebook.com/judith.brown.794628/posts/10154939592458641

cp3 Humanitäre Lage / Humanitarian situation

25.11.2016 – Yemen Times (* B H)

Three million women and girls at risk of violence in Yemen

In Yemen, gender-based violence have been widespread even before the conflict. Ninety-two percent of women stated that violence against women was common in the home according to the 2013 Demographic Health Survey.

The onset of the 20-month long crisis has displaced large populations with an estimated 52 percent of them being women, and placed nearly 3 million women and girls at risk of gender-based violence across the country. Some 8,031 incidents of gender-based violence were recorded between January and September 2016, which includes incidence of child marriage, rape and domestic violence, with 64 percent of cases being emotional or psychological abuse or physical assault. The true extent remains far greater in light of social norms that discourage reporting.

The health consequences of violence are enormous and include permanent disability, lingering psychological trauma, unwanted pregnancies and complications. Exposure to, and fear of, violence deprive women and girls of their rights--to education, health and decent livelihoods.

Protecting women and girls from violence and harmful practices is not only a moral and human rights imperative, it is also critical to the economic and social progress of the country.

UNFPA along with 30 partners who form the sub-cluster on gender-based violence will conduct a series of awareness raising initiatives from 25 November to 10 December 2016, across 19 governorates. These include among others, a film competition targeting youth, awareness raising sessions on prevention of violence in schools and a public media campaign on prevention of key gender-based violence issues in Yemen through radio, TV and print media.

http://www.anayemeny.net/gotolink.aspx?nid=29678919

24.11.2016 – Arab 24 (B H K)

Yemen: Violence, inequality continue to plague women in conflict-ravaged Yemen

The Taiz Observatory Centre for Women’s rights released its 2016 report on violence against women with yet more damning findings.

The annual report on Women and War listed 794 cases of women who had directly suffered from the war.

The conflict in Yemen has been catastrophic for its civilian population. Thousands have been killed and over 12 million people are now targeted for humanitarian assistance. Many have been pushed into grinding poverty. Under these strains, women are more vulnerable than ever to violence and exploitation

http://arab24.com/portal/index.php/en/%D9%82%D8%B5%D8%B5-%D9%88%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B6%D9%8A%D8%B9-%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AD%D8%A9-2/bahrain-2/item/4379-yemen-violence-inequality-continue-to-plague-women-in-conflict-ravaged-yemen

24.11.2016 – Middle East Eye (* B H)

Yemen's war imperils service for children with cerebral palsy

The mounting tragedy in Yemen is posing an even bigger problem for children using Sanaa's one and only specialist centre for cerebral palsy

Right to Live Foundation for Cerebral Palsy Children (RLFCPC), which is situated in the heart of Sanaa in a highly populated neighbourhood in the Yemeni capital.

The non-governmental organisation aims to help children with cerebral palsy improve their health and integrate into society so that they can realise professional and personal life goals as far as possible.

Since it was established in November 2006, it has offered specialised healthcare to around 150 children.

the foundation is struggling to keeps its operations running and to meet patients' needs.

Nabil Awad, a member of the board of trustees at the foundation, said they have been operating in a "state of emergency" since the onset of the war.

Speaking to Middle East Eye at the foundation's headquarters, Awad said: "The foundation has left no stone unturned to keep running for the sake of the children afflicted by cerebral palsy. These children are utterly destitute and so stopping the services of the foundation will be a huge setback for them."

The war in Yemen has brought several health institutions to a standstill. Multiple health centres have halted operations due to a shortage of electricity, petrol and medical supplies or because of air strikes.

"The conflict has caused the cerebral palsy children foundation a variety of problems. The financial and practical support we used to receive has stopped. The businessmen and philanthropists cut their aid due to the deteriorating economic situation we have been witnessing. It is an unprecedented situation," said Awad – by Khalid al-Karimi andJamal al-Ghurab

http://www.middleeasteye.net/in-depth/features/yemen-children-cerebral-palsy-struggle-unaided-disability-health-1967808357

24.11.2016 – Agency for Technical Cooperation and Development (* A H)

The bigger picture: Why ACTED is investing in local capacity in Yemen

ACTED teams up with local partner Al Baiihani charitable foundation to deliver shelter, food and water, hygiene and sanitation assistance to vulnerable displaced households in Ibb, Yemen.

In Yemen and around the world, the humanitarian community has made considerable achievements, delivering life-saving aid to the most needy. But today’s system is sometimes unsustainable, in part because it relies heavily on international actors. A key part of recovery and reconstruction in Yemen, a country crippled by an ongoing war, is therefore making sure that local actors are self-sufficient, have the tools to respond to needs on the ground and really make an impact in their communities.

Building capacities of local NGOs

Recognizing this, ACTED is continually making strides to partner with and build the capacity of local NGOs. ACTED’s ongoing OCHA-funded project in Ibb governorate offers an excellent example of this. In response to the food emergency facing the governorate and the critical situation in water, hygiene, sanitation and shelter, the project aims to deliver multi-sectoral assistance to over 5,000 internally displaced persons in Ibb governorate through activities such as food voucher distribution, water, hygiene and sanitation, and infrastructure rehabilitation of collective shelters, and by providing hygiene kits, water filters, and hygiene training. ACTED is jointly implementing these activities with Al Baiihani charitable foundation, a local water, hygiene, sanitation and food security actor.

http://www.acted.org/fr/bigger-picture-why-acted-investing-local-capacity-yemen = http://reliefweb.int/report/yemen/bigger-picture-why-acted-investing-local-capacity-yemen

24.11.2016 – Human Needs Development (A H)

With ِfinancial support of Arab and foreign immigrants in EU and China, Human Needs for Development-HND has distributed numbers of food baskets for the most affected displaced families in Bani Al-Harith district which is hosting over %45 of the total displaced families comparing other Sana'a districts. Thank you DONORS (photos)

https://www.facebook.com/HNDngoYE/posts/729285847222885 = https://www.facebook.com/LivingInYemenOnTheEdge/posts/1178128452240183

23.11.2016 – Press TV Iran (A H)

Film: Yemens health ministry calls for urgent help

Yemeni healthcare services have once again urged the world community to stop the Saudi war on their country. They warned that the last remaining active healthcare centers are close to be shut down due to medicines shortages.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wg-B1wfTgXQ

My comment: Ministry in Houthi/Saleh held Sanaa.

23.11.2016 – Living in Yemen on the Edge (A H)

#URGENT
Al Anood is internally displaced + developing Leukemia. Please share -and if in the position to help - please contact @YourAbility_org (photo)

https://www.facebook.com/LivingInYemenOnTheEdge/photos/a.961595153893515.1073741828.961126490607048/1176837792369249/?type=3

23.11.2016 – WHO Yemen (A H)

To ensure the safety of vaccines, 135 solar-powered refrigerators have arrived in Hudayda to be distributed to all governorates (photo)

https://twitter.com/whoyemen/status/801496879867437056

23.11.2016 – Julien Harneis, UNICEF (A H)

Amazing job @UNICEF with education staff printing 5 million text books for 900,000 children across #Yemen, thanks Germany for support (photo)

https://twitter.com/julienmh/status/801445770910113792

21.11.2016 – Mohammed al-Kibsi (A H)

I am offering my kidney so I can pay for an operation for my wife that is bleeding to death. Buyers contact me on me cellphone +967774959952

https://twitter.com/MohammedalKibsi/status/800554930968948736

My comment: Today’s Yemen… Mohammed al-Kibsi is a freelance veteran journalist, former editor-in-chief of several Yemeni newspapers in Yemen. And even if he succeeds: Where he and his wife will be operated? In Yemen?? The way out of the country is blocked; the Saudis block all passenger flights from and to Sanaa since August.

31.10.2016 – UN Children's Fund (* A H)

UNICEF Yemen Humanitarian Situation Report (October 2016)

By the end of October, the Yemeni Ministry of Public Health and Population (MoPHP) has confirmed 71 cholera cases in 11 governorates. At least 7.6 million people are at risk, nearly 40 per cent are children under 15.

UNICEF and its partners are implementing an integrated cholera response plan, including support for strengthened and improved cholera surveillance and response capacity, improvement of water and sanitation practices and infrastructure and dissemination of key hygiene messages in communities at-risk.

Ten additional mobile teams were launched in conflict-affected Sa’ada governorate, to provide primary health and nutrition services in nine of the most hard-to-reach districts of the border area, expecting to reach over 65,000 children.

Scaling up efforts to reach the most vulnerable internally displaced persons (IDPs), nearly 16,000 IDPs in Hajjah, Al Dhale'e and Al Jawf, will receive monthly hygiene kits during the next three months. At least 2,575 IDPs – including 1,280 children - will benefit from improved WASH infrastructure supported by UNICEF.

http://reliefweb.int/report/yemen/unicef-yemen-humanitarian-situation-report-october-2016 and in full: http://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/UNICEF%20Yemen%20Situation%20Report%20-%20October%202016%20.pdf

cp5 Nordjemen und Huthis / Northern Yemen and Houthis

24.11.2016 – Asharq Al-Awsat (* A P)

Yemen: 500 Insurgency Detention Centers

According to reports, there are about 500 detention camps and prisons for militias in Yemen, including secret sites.

Earlier, Houthis and Saleh’s militias kidnapped 18 citizens of Radea in al-Bayda district on their way back from Sana’a.

Informed local sources told Asharq Al-Awsat newspaper that all 18 abductees belong to Qayfah Tribe of al-Qarisha district. They said the detainees were transferred to security department in Dhamar, which is now a prison camp.

Earlier this week, Abaad Studies and Research Center in collaboration with Sana’a Center for Strategic Studies, issued a report saying there had been 12,261 abduction cases in Yemen.

The center said in the report there is no information about the conditions of their imprisonment and some of the abductees have been used as human shields in conflict zones that are targets for the coalition.

http://english.aawsat.com/2016/11/article55362754/yemen-500-insurgency-detention-centers

My comment: There definitely have been detented many people by the Houthis. Anyway, any figures reported by Asharq Al-Awsat are nothing you can trust; just look at the figures of alleged Houthi / Saleh breaks of the last ceasefire (see YPR 232, cp15).

24.11.2016 – Yamanyoon (A P)

Photos: Demonstration and Marching of Al Sabeen District

People, sheikhs and notables of Al Sabeen district have demonstrated and marched today Thursday in the capital Sana’a to declare general mobilization against the US-backed Saudi coalition.
During the demonstration, people and notables of Al Sabeen district stressed on the importance of taking revenge for the innocent lives killed by the Saudi regime and its criminal allies, confirming their duty of supplying battlefronts with men and money.

Moreover, a statement has been issued by Al Sabeen demonstration and marching indicating that they will prepare and train several fighters to join various fronts until victory is achieved.

Al Sabeen people declared general mobilization to confront the coalition in a response to the constant war crimes committed by its fighter jets and battleships against Yemeni civilians since March 26 of 2015.

http://www.yamanyoon.com/?p=55290&lang=en

24.11.2016 – Martin Buzayn (A P)

Hashid tribes in Amran declare they want revenge for their murdered soldiers in #Taiz All sides send reinforcements for the coming battle

https://twitter.com/martinabuzayn/status/801763309825441792

24.11.2016 – Nasser Arrabyee (A K P)

Tribesmen of Taiz-Yemen outraging&boiling over recent Qaeda/ISIS Crucifixion&beheadings Ncity of Taiz with US-Saudi support, money&guns (photos, graphic)

https://twitter.com/narrabyee/status/801707678221369344

23.11.2016 – Amnesty International (* A P)

Take Action! - Three Prisoners Of Conscience Detained For Religious Beliefs (Yemen: UA 266/16)

Three members of Yemen’s Baha’i community have been arbitrarily detained since 10 August. One was held incommunicado for six weeks. All three remain detained without charge. They are prisoners of conscience [all the 3 at Sanaa]

TAKE ACTION

Take a letter, send an email, call, fax or tweet:

Calling on the de facto Huthi/Saleh authorities to release Keyvan Qadari, Nadim al-Sakkaf and Nader al-Sakkaf immediately and unconditionally, because they are prisoners of conscience detained solely on account of their religious beliefs;

Urging them to ensure that, while detained, all three men are granted regular access to their families and lawyers of their choice and are protected from torture and other ill-treatment;

Urging them to respect its commitments to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights

http://www.amnestyusa.org/get-involved/take-action-now/take-action-three-prisoners-of-conscience-detained-for-religious-beliefs-yemen-ua-26616

23.11.2016 – Living in Yemen on the edge (A P)

The streets of #Ibb, this week, filled with camels. Owners have been demonstrating against Saudi Arabia's led aggression and air strikes that have killed many animals including camels and horses. No living being has been spared by the bombs. Picture via Fadal M. Aljawfi.

https://www.facebook.com/LivingInYemenOnTheEdge/photos/a.961595153893515.1073741828.961126490607048/1176851892367839/?type=3

cp6 Südjemen und Hadi-Regierung / Southern Yemen and Hadi-government

24.11.2016 – Southern Movement (A T)

Southern security forces in #Abyan #SouthYemen in a sting operation capture 2 #AQAP #Yemen & seize large amounts of weapons & explosives (photos)

https://twitter.com/SouthHirak/status/801546424496377859 referring to https://twitter.com/Mukalla_now/status/801489896372338689

23.11.2016 – Hussam Sanabani (A P)

Hadi recede his designation decision of 1st military district army chief staff. Decision could face dissent or someone payed higher bribe.

https://twitter.com/HussamSanabani/status/801524697758388224

cp7 UNO und Friedensgespräche / UN and peace talks

24.11.2016 – Southern Movement (A P)

Film: @SirWilliamPatey asks why not include #SouthYemenReferendum in peace agreement to end North #Yemen war on #SouthYemen

"For in reason, all government without the consent of the governed is the very definition of slavery". Jonathan Swift Please help raise the awareness. MSM choose not to share with the wider public

https://twitter.com/SouthHirak/status/801924430142193664

For Patey, look at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Patey.

My comment: The question what will happen to the South of Yemen will be an important problem for all peace solutions. Southern separatists (Hirak) can not be overlooked when negotiating peace sometimes will start (let's hope)

cp7a Saudi-Arabien und Iran / Saudi Arabia and Iran

24.11.2016 – International Business Times (* B P)

Saudi Arabia vs. Iran: How Will Donald Trump Influence The Middle East Cold War?

Obama's administration, while critical at times of the kingdom, supported Saudi Arabia in its political endeavors across the Middle East, often at the expense of Iran. The administration's landmark multilateral nuclear treaty with Tehran, however, saw unprecedented levels of negotiation between Western and Iranian officials and lifted years-long economic sanctions against Iran.

The president-elect is expected to scale back U.S. intervention in the Middle East. While there is not likely to be a warming of U.S.-Iranian relations under a Trump administration, Washington's absence could work in Tehran’s favor, emboldening efforts to expand its already growing sphere of influence without fear of U.S. reprisal and with potential sponsorship by Russia.

Sunni Muslim-majority Saudi Arabia and Shiite Muslim-majority Iran have long been locked in what analysts have referred to as "a regional cold war."

The Obama administration often censured Tehran-aligned movementswhile supporting allies of Riyadh.

Trump used the deal as fuel for his campaign, during which he took a particularly tough stance against Iran and for which he was lauded by conservatives.

Trump has criticized Saudi Arabia and other Gulf Cooperation Council countries for getting rich off of their vast oil deposits and benefiting from U.S. security pledges without ample compensation.

More concerning to Saudis than social media squabbles is how a Trump administration plans on handling Iran and its proxy military and political forces in the region.

Trump's victory appears to cast heavy doubt on the U.S. military's future role in the Middle East.

The uncertainty of Trump's message, however, could also very well work in Saudi Arabia's favor instead. If next year's administration chooses to scrap the Iranian nuclear deal as a central goal, Tehran will likely find itself in Washington's crosshairs – by Tim O’Connor

http://www.ibtimes.com/saudi-arabia-vs-iran-how-will-donald-trump-influence-middle-east-cold-war-2449937

23.11.2016 – Huffington Post (* B K P)

How Iran dragged Saudi Arabia into the Yemeni Quagmire

The level of hostility among the two Persian Gulf countries reached an unprecedented level with each of them throwing pebbles in the backyard of the other. The Saudis are meddling in Syria and the Iranians in Yemen, and each is leading a war to preserve influence within the borders of its national security.

On one hand the Houthi rebels continue to launch rockets across the borders in retaliation for.... On the other hand, their Iranian allies have been intensifying their verbal attacks throughout the last year and a half, and their hostility has currently peaked. The Iranian rhetoric over Yemen is far fiercer than that on Syria. Prior to the Saudi campaign, Iranian officials were still calling for solving regional problems together. However, a few weeks after the war, Iran’s supreme leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei declared a war of words on the Kingdom warning “Saudis’ noses will be rubbed in Yemen’s mud.”

The Saudi-led war in Yemen changed the whole equation creating a new balance of allegations. It’s the war of Saudi Arabia’s Deputy Crown Prince Mohammad Bin Salman. His message to the region and the world is that his country is a power to be reckoned. All possible resources were allocated to this campaign. However, it was clear that Riyadh had estimated the battle would be won within a weeks.

Tehran’s card, beside media and political support, was fiery speeches. From Tehran to Baghdad and Beirut, politicians and clerics affiliated with Iran concentrated on the failures of the Saudi-led war. They hit the Saud family hard, and later aimed their blows at the Wahhabi movement as a whole. It is as if the axis led by Tehran was intentionally escalating its tone to get Riyadh fixated on the war in Yemen in order to be able to dominate the war in Syria, or at least this is what their plan, given all the new emerging elements affecting the dynamics of the Syrian crisis.

Nobody would want to be in Saudi Arabia’s shoes at the moment. If the Gulf monarchy decided to stop the war while the Houthi rebels are still strong and standing still, that would mean a pyrrhic victory. If it decided to continue its campaign without a clear horizon, that would prompt its embarrassed western allies to exert pressure for a seizure of military operations. Whatever happens, it’s obvious that ties between Iran and Saudi Arabia lack any chance of rapprochement in the near future – By Ali Hashem

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/ali-hashem/how-iran-dragged-saudi-ar_b_13105092.html?

My comment: Certainly it is Iran’s interest that the Saudis are stuck in the Yemen quagmire. But the Yemen war is not Iran’s war, Iran’s impact and influence are low, the author himself admits what Iran’s interference and assistance to the Houthis just is: “beside media and political support, […] fiery speeches”. That’s it.

cp8 Saudi-Arabien / Saudi Arabia

25.11.2016 – NZZ (* B E P)

Zahlungsnotstand im Wahhabitenreich

Saudiarabien wird ärmer. Eine Vision tut not. Wenn sie scheitert, dann nicht, weil sie falsch ist, sondern weil sie nicht verwirklicht wird.

Flaute herrscht im Staat der Wahhabiten. Reglos stehen Bagger und Dampfwalze zwischen Sandhaufen. Um Hochhaus-Skelette streunen Hunde. Egal, ob in Riad, Jidda oder an der Golfküste im Erdölzentrum von Damman: Nichts regt sich da, wo sich sehr viel regen sollte. Das Baugewerbe darbt. Ahsan Gurmani, Elektriker aus Quetta in Pakistan, überlegt sich, ob er nicht demnächst die Rückreise antreten soll. Er wird «nicht mehr gebraucht» und erhält keinen Lohn mehr. Der Einbruch kam schnell. Bis vor einem Jahr schien Saudiarabien zu boomen. Nun dämpfen die niedrigen Erdölpreise die Konjunktur.

Die Gefahr ist erkannt. Im Frühling hat Riad in der Person des jungen und oft mit dem Apostroph «dynamisch» bezeichneten Vizekronprinzen Mohammed bin Salman, kurz MbS, die «Vision 2030» vorgelegt, einen kühnen Blick in die Zukunft eines Landes, dem es gelungen ist, sich aus der Abhängigkeit vom Erdöl zu befreien. Um sich nicht dem Vorwurf auszusetzen, man produziere nur schöne Worte, verkündete MbS auch gleich noch den «Nationalen Transformationsplan» bis 2020, gespickt mit klugen Vorhaben und beflügelnden Zielgrössen.

Schaffen die Saudi trotz alledem die Wende? Viele zweifeln. Schorderet sinnt lange und sagt dann: «Dies ist keine Kultur, die den Wandel unterstützt.» In einem Land, in dem absolutistische, ultrakonservative, puritanische, aufklärungs- und frauenfeindliche Wahhabiten den Ton angeben, ist das kein Wunder. Die Vision 2030 ist nur mit Wettbewerb zu machen. Wettbewerb aber bedingt Offenheit, und die behagt den Wahhabiten nicht – von Ulrich Schmid

http://www.nzz.ch/wirtschaft/der-sinkende-oelpreis-zahlungsnot-im-wahhabitenreich-ld.130575

22.11.2016 – Bloomberg (* A E P)

Saudi Arabia’s Vision for Future Looks Dim to Jobless Youth

Push to employ Saudis in private sector more crucial than ever

Slowing economy adds to longstanding ’Saudization’ challenges

More Saudis who watched their parents reap the benefits of the oil boom are struggling to find work as the government trims its bloated payroll and businesses reel under a slowing economy. Creating jobs for them is one of the toughest challenges facing Deputy Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, who is pushing efforts to end the economy’s addiction to oil. In April, he unveiled a plan that dangles the promise of long-term prosperity if Saudis like Marwan can endure the initial pain of austerity.

The powerful prince is pledging to transform the expatriate-dependent economy in little over a decade, just in time to defuse a demographic time-bomb. Nearly half of Saudis are younger than 25, and this bulge could almost double the size of the labor market by 2030, according to a study by the McKinsey Global Institutes.

Failure is “unthinkable,” said Ihsan Bu-Hulaiga, a Saudi economist and former member of the Shura Council, a consultative body. “We cannot continue like this, we cannot afford it. When it comes to unemployment, it’s just unsustainable.”

A quarter of all Saudis under 30 are unemployed, while foreigners are more than half of the labor force. To absorb new job seekers, the kingdom would have to create almost three times as many opportunities for citizens as it did during the oil boom years of 2003-2013, the McKinsey study found.

But an austerity drive to repair public finances, which includes scaling back state largess, has pushed companies to fire, not hire. Unemployment among all Saudis rose to 12.1 percent in the third quarter, the highest since 2012.

If the employment initiatives fail, joblessness among Saudis could soar to 22 percent by 2030, the McKinsey report forecast

Replacing foreign workers with Saudis has been a national policy objective for decades, with little success – by Vivian Nereim

http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-11-22/saudi-arabia-s-vision-for-the-future-looks-dim-to-jobless-youth

Comment by Judith Brown: And as they waste more money on killing people their own impoverished population will get harder and harder to control despite their draconian security apparatus.

https://www.facebook.com/judith.brown.794628/posts/10154939558758641

21.11.2016 – Forbes (* A E P)

Good Luck, Saudi Arabia, You're Going To Need It

The country’s four-decade run as global oil king is slipping through its fingers, and there’s not really much it can do to stop the slide. Sure, Saudi Arabia is still the world’s largest oil exporter and the second largest producer, but its ability to sway global markets is much diminished.

Many factors have contributed to Saudi Arabia’s loss of power in global oil markets. Here are a few: Its decision in November 2014 to forgo its historic role of swing producer and actually ramp up production as global oil supplies were becoming saturated is one. Another is the U.S. shale oil revolution that started the whole oil supply glut in the first place. However, the Saudis still had the chance to be masters of their own fate, and they blew it – by Tim Daiss

http://www.forbes.com/sites/timdaiss/2016/11/21/good-luck-saudi-arabia-youre-going-to-need-it/#42fb5df23884

25.3.2016 – RT (* A E P)

Saudi Arabia To Move From Oil, Earn More From Hajj

As part of a diversification strategy, Saudi Arabia is to broaden pilgrimage services to reduce its dependence on falling oil revenue, reported the Saudi Gazette newspaper.

The pilgrimage industry is the country’s second most important after oil and gas. Nearly two million foreign pilgrims visit the holy city of Mecca annually during Hajj. The figure is expected to reach 2.7 million by 2020.

National Tourism Committee member Abdul Ghani Al-Ansari emphasized the need to restructure the sector to make it a major contributor to the national economy.

According to economists, religious pilgrimages such as Hajj and Umrah have significant growth potential and the ability to create more job opportunities for young Saudis. The tourism sector contributes $22.6 billion (85 billion Saudi riyals) to Saudi Arabia’s GDP with Hajj and Umrah providing $12 billion (45 billion Saudi riyals).

Umrah is an extra, optional pilgrimage to Mecca and does not count as the once-in-a-lifetime Hajj pilgrimage. It can be undertaken at any time of the year, in contrast to Hajj.

Economist Abdullah Katib estimates the annual revenue from the Hajj season at $5.3-6.1 billion (20-23 billion Saudi riyals) depending on the number of pilgrims.

https://www.rt.com/business/337135-saudi-hajj-revenues-oil/ = https://emergingequity.org/2016/03/25/saudi-arabia-to-move-from-oil-earn-more-from-hajj/

cp9 USA

Siehe / Look at cp1

24.11.2016 – International Business Times (* A P)

Arms Sales To Saudi Arabia: The Kingdom Hires A Powerful Former Lawmaker To Lobby Trump White House And Congress

Saudi Arabia just added another heavyweight to its already formidable team of lobbyists: former California Rep. Howard “Buck” McKeon. The longtime GOP lawmaker isn’t any ordinary lobbyist. Between 2011 and 2015, he was the chair of the powerful House Armed Services Committee, which oversees the Department of Defense and its multibillion dollar foreign-military sales program to Saudi Arabia. According to data from the Center for Responsive politics, McKeon was among the top five recipients of defense contractor money in the U.S. House of Representatives.

McKeon joins the Saudi lobby at a key moment. In September, Saudi Arabia’s army of lobbyists failed to defeat a bill that opened up the door for 9/11 victims to sue the Kingdom for its alleged connection to the attackers. Saudi is also under fire on Capitol Hill for alleged-human rights abuses in its two-year military campaign in Yemen, where U.S.-supplied Saudi planes have bombed hospitals, schools and key infrastructure.

By signing on as a Saudi lobbyist, McKeon will be lobbying his former colleagues to keep arming Saudi Arabia at a time of uncertainty for the US-Saudi alliance. T

Amid the transfer of power from Barack Obama to Trump, McKeon is expected to push for continuity in the U.S.-Saudi relationship – by Avi Asher-Shapiro

http://www.ibtimes.com/political-capital/arms-sales-saudi-arabia-kingdom-hires-powerful-former-lawmaker-lobby-trump-white

cp10 Großbritannien / Great Britain

23.11.2016 – Tobias Ellwood (A P)

We need to see a more progress towards peace in #Yemen.Vital that there is a ceasefire. Urge both sides to agree to cessation of hostilities

https://twitter.com/Tobias_Ellwood/status/800760821596856320

My comment: Ellwood is an extreme backer of arms exports to Saudi Arabia, always downplaying or even denying impact of Saudi air raids: an extreme example of Western hypocrisy.

cp14 Terrorismus / Terrorism

Siehe / Look at cp6

25.11.2016 - Nasser Arrabyee (A T)

Yemen Qaeda/ISIS executed 5 of its members for having helped US drones In killing 22 leading members of Qaeda/ISIS (photos)

https://twitter.com/narrabyee/status/802061584424140800

24.11.2016 – Xinhua (A T)

U.S. drone strike kills 2 al-Qaida members in central Yemen

Two members of the Yemen-based al-Qaida branch were killed in a U.S. drone strike in Yemen's central province of al-Bayda on Thursday, a security official told Xinhua.

The U.S. airstrike targeted a motorcycle in Sawmaah district of al-Bayda province, leaving two al-Qaida militants killed on the spot, the local security source said on condition of anonymity.

According to the anti-terror Yemeni security source the dead included a local commander of the terrorist group.

http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2016-11/25/c_135856618.htm

cp15 Propaganda

24.11.2016 – Gulf News (A P)

GCC Shura members denounce Al Houthi threats against Makkah

International community urged to take effective steps to prevent such provocations in the future

Speakers, presidents and chairpersons of the GCC Shura, besides representatives of national councils and assemblies, have strongly condemned and denounced the Iran-backed Al Houthi militia’s recent threat of terror acts against Makkah.

At the end of their 10th session held in Manama on Wednesday, the parliamentary leaders said in a statement that any threats to the security of Saudi Arabia and the sentiments of Muslims is akin to threats to the security and sentiments of the GCC people.

They called on all countries, organisations and commissions of the international community to take serious and effective steps to prevent a repeat of such brazen provocations in the future and to help the Arab Coalition to bring about an end to the crisis in Yemen.

http://gulfnews.com/news/gulf/saudi-arabia/gcc-shura-members-denounce-al-houthi-threats-against-makkah-1.1934628

My comment: There still is no stop to this odd Saudi propaganda which deepens sectarian strife in the Muslim world. There was no attack at Mecca.

cp16 Saudische Luftangriffe / Saudi air raids

24.11.2016 – Legal Center (* A K PH)

24-11-2016

Targeting and bombing civilians by the warplanes of Saudi Arabia and its alliance

Casualties and damage:

https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=729240567226311&id=551288185021551

24.11.2016 – Yemen Post (A K)

Homes DESTROYED: Family of 3 killed (parents & child) when Saudi airstrikes attacked civilian home in #Yemen region Saada today.

https://twitter.com/yemenpostnews/status/801806305811775489

and photos:

24.3.2016 – Nasser Arrabyee (A K PH)

These r pic of Yemen 4-member family of Kussi All killed 2day asleep by US-backed Saudi war criminals bombing their house in Saada north.

https://twitter.com/narrabyee/status/801835424943640576

https://twitter.com/narrabyee/status/801835023443918848

https://twitter.com/narrabyee/status/801834030123675648

https://www.facebook.com/SaudiArabia.war.crimes.against.Yemen/posts/1607015022927819

and films: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u4NnQS7PcK0 and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nfBEhR_UHvI

24.11.2016 – Saba Net (A K PH)

Saudi aggression war jets drop cluster bombs on Saada

Saudi aggression fighter jets waged strikes using international prohibited weapons on Saada province overnight, a security official told Saba on Thursday.
The planes fired cluster bombs on al-Dhaher district and Haydan district, causing heavy losses, damage to citizens` houses and burning farms.
The war jets kept flying over the province for hours.

http://www.sabanews.net/en/news447643.htm

24.11.2016 – Yamanyoon (A K PH)

Warplanes Aggression Targeting Marib and Hajja

Warplanes of the Saudi American aggression launched a raid today, and aimed at a gas station in Sirwah district.

The aggression targeting also Hajja province by a raid and targeting Mostaba district .

http://www.yamanyoon.com/?p=55174&lang=en

24.11.2016 – Saudi war crimes (A K PH)

Film: Cluster bombs at Saada again

https://www.facebook.com/SaudiArabia.war.crimes.against.Yemen/videos/1606978106264844/

cp17 Kriegsereignisse / Theater of War

24.11.2016 – Ram_Z (A K PH)

Film: Yemen: Houthis Capture Ratel-20 IFV from Pro-Hadi Loyalist in Midi District

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eS7ae28YC5g

24.11.2016 – Hussam Al-Sanabani (A K PH)

[Films showing Houthi/Salehsuccesses]

https://twitter.com/HussamSanabani/status/801902174330621952

https://twitter.com/HussamSanabani/status/801892689524428800

https://twitter.com/HussamSanabani/status/801868981816688642

https://twitter.com/HussamSanabani/status/801868398015737857

24.11.2016 – Abdelkader Alguneid (A K PS)

Capturing #Houthi militia and #Saleh Family RGs is a new Taiz sport (photo)

https://twitter.com/alguneid/status/801791452002938880

Comment by Judith Brown: War is disgusting. The fighters on all sides believe in their cause, and I just loathe this sort of gloating that goes on in war - it is sickening. Prisoners of war do actually have rights. But it would be much better if they could all talk peace and all foreigners went home.

https://www.facebook.com/judith.brown.794628/posts/10154939872528641

24.11.2016 – Mohammed Al-Qadi (A K)

The #Houthis & #Saleh forces planted hundreds of #land_mines and explosives in eastern zones of #Taiz which they lost recently (photo)

https://twitter.com/mohammedalqadhi/status/801774267113373700

We were filming the removal of land mines and explosives from a house& 3 w/r wounded including de-mining team leader& house owner.

https://twitter.com/mohammedalqadhi/status/801772702726033408

I, cameraman & escort escaped death yesterday when a land mine went off in a house in Aljahmaliah zone in #Taiz (photo)

https://twitter.com/mohammedalqadhi/status/801771919565537280

24.11.2016 – Almasdar Online (A K PS)

Taiz: confrontations intensify eastern Taiz, Houthis blow up house

Fierce confrontations between the government and pro-government forces with the Houthi militias and Saleh forces have intensified in the eastern part of Taiz city, south west of Yemen.

A military source told Almasdaronline that the fighting intensified in Alkamb outskirts and near Altashrifat military camp, while the Houthi shelling is ongoing on Tha'abat and Algahmaliah neighborhoods.

On the other hand, the Houthi militants have blown up house of the eastern front field commander of the government forces Colonel Yahya al-Rimi near Algahmaliah market, after expelling the family members from the house.

The people’s appeals did not succeed to stop the Houthi rebels from bombing the house, saying that they have instructions from prominent Houthi commander Abu Ali Al Hakim.

http://almasdaronline.com/article/86622

24.11.2016 – Anadolu (A K PS)

Houthi fighters killed in clashes in Yemen’s Taiz

At least ten members of the Shia Houthi militia and their allies were killed in Thursday clashes with pro-government forces in Yemen’s southwestern Taiz province, according to a Yemeni military official.

"Yemen’s national army repulsed an attack by Houthi militiamen and their allies on an air-defense camp in western Taiz," Colonel Abdu al-Saghir, leader of the army’s 17th Division, told Anadolu Agency.

"During the fighting, our forces managed to kill 10 of the rebels," al-Saghir said, going on to claim that army forces had not sustained any losses.

According to al-Saghir, army forces also managed to recapture two hills in Taiz -- Al-Sawda and Al-Khalwa -- from Shia militiamen.

http://aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/houthi-fighters-killed-in-clashes-in-yemen-s-taiz-army/692281 = http://thepeninsulaqatar.com/article/24/11/2016/Houthi-fighters-killed-in-clashes-in-Yemen%E2%80%99s-Taiz

24.11.2016 – Press TV Iran (A K PH)

Yemeni forces, allies capture military base in Saudi Arabia: TV

Yemeni forces have captured a military base in Saudi Arabia’s border region of Najran in their latest counterattack against the kingdom's military campaign in the impoverished southern neighbor.

They stormed the newly-constructed Shatib base some 844 km south of the capital Riyadh on Thursday, Arabic-language al-Masirah television network reported.

The Yemeni soldiers and their allies engaged in an exchange of gunfire with Saudi troops at the base, leaving scores of them dead or injured.

A number of Saudi soldiers reportedly left their assault rifles and mortar shells behind and fled the base.

http://presstv.com/Detail/2016/11/24/494974/Yemeni-forces-capture-Saudi-Arabia-base-Shatib-Najran = http://en.farsnews.com/newstext.aspx?nn=13950904000845

24.11.2016 – Saba Net (A K PH)

Army foils mercenaries' attack in Jawf

http://www.sabanews.net/en/news447641.htm

24.11.2016 – Saba Net (A K PH)

Army hits Saudi military gatherings, sites in Asir, Najran, Jizan

http://www.sabanews.net/en/news447650.htm and https://twitter.com/Mukalla_now/status/801489896372338689 and http://www.yamanyoon.com/?p=55284&lang=en and http://www.yamanyoon.com/?p=55312&lang=en

24.11.2016 – Saba Net (A K PH)

Army, popular forces target gathering of mercenaries in Lahj

http://www.sabanews.net/en/news447651.htm

24.11.2016 – Almasdar Online (A K PS)

Arab Coalition air defense systems intercept ballistic missile fired by Houthis on Mareb city

http://almasdaronline.com/article/86620

24.11.2016 – Saba Net (A K PH)

Army artillery destroys fortifications of mercenaries in Marib

http://www.sabanews.net/en/news447653.htm

24.11.2016 – Nasser Arrabyee (A K PH)

Yemen fighters Advancing deeper&deeper in Najran South Saudi Arabia,city of Najran is direct Fire of Yemen army. ( Nov22, 2016) (photos)

https://twitter.com/narrabyee/status/801714660714156032

24.11.2016 – Almasdar Online (A K PS)

Government forces: Arab Coalition airstrikes kill 16 Houthis in Midi city

http://almasdaronline.com/article/86621

cp18 Sonstiges / Other

24.11.2016 – UNESCO (A K P)

Director-General condemns killing of journalist Awab Al-Zubairi in Yemen

The Director-General of UNESCO, Irina Bokova, today urged measures to improve the safety of journalists in Yemen following the killing of photojournalist Awab Al-Zubairi on 18 November in Taiz, in Yemen.

http://www.unesco.org/new/en/media-services/single-view/news/director_general_condemns_killing_of_journalist_awab_al_zuba/

23.11.2016 – Ansamed

Books: a lost Yemen in photos by Basso and De Palma

Immortalizing a 1996 trip to country now at war

Landscapes, mosques, villages, lacework buildings, faces, markets, trades, stones and the desert fill the pages of a photography book presented in Rome on a Yemen prior to the current war.
'Yemen Perduto' ('Lost Yemen', published by Gangemi editore) includes hundreds of photos by Nicola Basso, a well-known surgeon, and Marcella De Palma, a journalist for state broadcaster RAI who died in 2000 but who crossed the country together on a trip in 1996. The only plan for the trip, Basso said, was ''to immerse ourselves in a reality that is both new and ancient, so far but close to our desire for knowledge, as well as fabulously rich in stories that we did not know, by following the Silk, Incense and Myrhh Road.''

It is difficult to know now what has happened to the Dar Al-Hajar palace in Wadi Dhar - close to the capital, Sanaa - he said. Or to Jibla and its 40 mosques with minarets that seem to have been embroidered, Thula and its hand-sculpted homes and those of Zabid, the moon temple in Marib, or the Sayyid Umar Shaykh al-Kaf palace in Seyun.

http://www.ansamed.info/ansamed/en/news/sections/culture/2016/11/23/books-a-lost-yemen-in-photos-by-basso-and-de-palma_7aba57e1-7a98-486e-b40e-97e3a177f71c.html

Vorige / Previous:

https://www.freitag.de/autoren/dklose/jemenkrieg-mosaik-232-yemen-war-mosaic-232/

Jemenkrieg-Mosaik 1-232: / Yemen War Mosaic 1-232:

https://www.freitag.de/autoren/dklose oder / or

http://poorworld.net/YemenWar.htm

Der saudische Luftkrieg im Bild / Saudi aerial war images:

(18 +, Nichts für Sensible!) / (18 +; Graphic!)

http://poorworld.net/YemenWar.htm und / and http://yemenwarcrimes.blogspot.de/

Dieser Beitrag gibt die Meinung des Autors wieder, nicht notwendigerweise die der Redaktion des Freitag.
Geschrieben von

Dietrich Klose

Vielfältig interessiert am aktuellen Geschehen, zur Zeit besonders: Ukraine, Russland, Jemen, Rolle der USA, Neoliberalismus, Ausbeutung der 3. Welt

Dietrich Klose

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